With his resignation, Francis Legault hoped to give the CAQ an opportunity to rebound with a new leader. While the future can always bring surprises, on first blush it appears Quebec voters are unlikely to give the CAQ a second chance despite their concerns over the PQ and its referendum promise.

Canadians continue to place a high value on civility in politics, with strong majorities endorsing respect for opposing views and the necessity of compromise. Yet this consensus is less secure among younger Canadians, who are more skeptical that civility and compromise always serve the public good and more open to prioritizing unfiltered self-expression.